The summer season is approaching and a key concern as desert temperatures rise is heat stress. Contributing factors include high temperature, direct sunlight, limited air movement, physical exertion, poor physical condition, and lack of tolerance for hot workplaces.

People generally require two weeks to become acclimated to high temperatures. As evidenced by recent temperature swings, Nevada can go from 60 to over 90 degrees in a day or two, so there is no opportunity to become acclimated. Particular attention is important during this time of year to prevent heat stress.

Symptoms of heat exhaustion include:

• Headaches, dizziness, lightheaded or fainting
• Weakness and moist skin
• Mood changes including irritability or confusion
• Upset stomach or vomiting.

Symptoms of heat stroke include:

• Dry, hot skin with no sweating
• Mental confusion or loss of consciousness
• Seizures.

To prevent heat stress:

• Know the signs and symptoms
• Be alert to heat stress in others
• Block direct sunlight
• Drink lots of water
• Avoid caffeinated drinks
• Use fans/air conditioning and follow the work/rest cycle for the activity.

If a heat-related injury should occur, request immediate emergency assistance. While the total number of heat stress cases for the last three years has been small, there were nine incidents where heat played a role in the event.  This can be as simple as being distracted by the heat and then becoming injured by some other hazard.

In addition to heat-related injuries, the following hazards increase in the summer months:

• Bug bites/stings—There were nine cases in three years where employees went to the clinic for treatment.
• Wind—This is a significant contributor to injury and property damage. Wind-blown dust is a common eye injury and there were 10 injury cases in the last three years. The wind also causes vehicle accidents where door hinges are sprung when caught in high winds.
• Chemical exposure—Spring and summer months are also the time when most insect and weed spraying occurs. Remain aware of the inhalation and skin contact hazards of these chemicals.
• Fatigue—More outdoor work means more strains and sprains to many people. Know your limits and reach out for help when needed.